Key points

 

  • We recommend to consult your poison centre with the use of this antidote.
  • There are three main benzodiazepines used in toxicology, diazepam, lorazepam and midazolam.
    • Given its very high lipid solubility, diazepam has a rapid onset of action.
    • Lorazepam has a slower onset of action, and is longer acting.
    • Midazolam's pharmacokinetic profile falls between the two.
  • Agitation due to sympathomimetic drug poisoning (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines) is often associated with high blood pressure and once the agitation is controlled the hypertension generally resolves.
  • Large amounts of benzodiazepines may be required, if so, the medical team should be ready to intubate the patient if needed.
  • Note; there is no maximum total dose.

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Last updated : 2024-02-27